Economic impacts on farm households due to water reallocation in China's Chaobai watershed

Our study area in the Chaobai watershed, upstream of Miyun Reservoir, has been undergoing agricultural water transfers to downstream municipal uses in Beijing. We examine the impacts of water reallocation on crop production and farmers’ income and discuss issues relating to current compensation mechanisms. We use data from a survey of 349 farm households and their farm plots in the upper Chaobai watershed within Hebei province. Water reallocation from upstream to downstream areas has reduced agricultural water supply and the area irrigated. Regression results show that in plots deprived of irrigation, maize yields decrease by 21% and crop revenues decline by 32%. On average, losing irrigation on one hectare of cultivated land reduces net crop income by 2422 yuan. We examine compensation arrangements and social equity for the major policies implemented in the region and we identify gaps between current compensation levels and farmers’ income and production losses. The current compensation received by farmers is generally lower than the losses incurred due to reduced irrigation. A more appropriate compensation mechanism is called for in future water transfers.     

论当代中国统筹城乡发展背景下户籍制度改革的路径

我国现行的户籍制度是城乡分割的二元户籍制度。这种户籍制度将户口划分为"农业户口"与"非农业户口",将城乡居民分别纳入两种不同的管理体系。这种划分绝不只是称谓的不同,而是意味着户籍背后所附着的各种地位、机会和福利待遇等的不同。近几年来,一些省市将"农业户口"与"非农业户口"统一为了"居民户口",但户籍背后的利益问题并未得到很好的解决,二元户籍制度的本质并未根本改变。二元户籍制度是特定     

金融系统ARCH模型及应用

针对金融数据具有丛集性与异方差性的特征，给出了最能反映这一特征的研究方法，在此基础上，比较系统地介绍了ＡＲＣＨ模型及其若干变形，参数估计与假设检验，讨论了金融系统ＡＲＣＨ模型的应用前景。     

农村图书需求调查

通过随机抽样调查农户家庭藏书状况,统计分析,农民家庭藏书量和藏书种类与户主的文化素质、科技意识、商品观念,以及经营品种和经营规模有关;经济发展水平和经济收入与藏书量也有关。从而了解当前农民迫切需要什么书、想看什么书,以及农村目前为农民提供信息存在的问题。     

实施农村综合性制度创新推进城乡经济社会协调发展

与众多解析我国城乡二元结构的视角不同,文章立足于剖析农村税费改革与城乡协调发展的内在联系,从统一城乡税制、公共财政覆盖农村等几个方面,论述了正在进行的农村税费改革对城乡二元结构的触动和撞击,揭示了农村税费改革对农村经济社会领域的重大而深远的影响。在提出解决路径和对策时,提出了与农村税费改革紧密相关的统一城乡税制、统筹城乡公共品供给、建立健全农村社会保障制度、完善农村土地制度和改革就业制度五个方面的政策选择。     

农户家庭经营问题研究——对邢台县浆水镇农户抽样调查材料的分析

本文应用数理统计方法对邢台县浆水镇9村265户样本资料进行了系统分析。指出农户家庭经营是我国农村普遍存在的基本经营形式。这一新生事物完全适应现阶段农村生产力发展水平,其收入已成为农民收入的主要来源。近年来,农民收入虽有大幅度提高,但水平仍然很低,农户间收入差距也在不断扩大,山区农村经济仍在一个低水平上运行。本文还对影响农民收入水平的相关因素和农户收支结构进行了分析,并有针对性地提出改善家庭经营管理的建议。最后,对加强农户家庭经营方面的研究与领导也提出具体意见。     

Conducting surveys on forestry attitudes and practices in Leyte communities,Philippines: Experiences and lessons learnt

A survey of forestry practices and attitudes was undertaken in four communities in Leyte, the Philippines, to improve understanding of the social and economic factors affecting small-scale forestry development. The survey had three main data collection activities — initial focus group discussions (FGDs), household interviews, and reporting and validation FGDs. A team of enumerators was selected for household interviews which consisted of both males and females, to avoid potential problems of unwillingness of people to talk with those of the opposite gender. The interviewers were also required to be able to speak local dialects (Cebuano and Waray Waray), the survey questionnaires being administered in these dialects. Various methods were used to gain the support and assistance of local government units and barangay captains. Some difficulty was experienced by the survey team in the first community due to barangay elections at the time of the survey, and the requirement by the University of Queensland Ethics Committee that respondents sign a consent form. This requirement was found to be not culturally appropriate for the Leyte smallholder communities. Offering goods at the end of the interview was found to be of limited value for encouraging participation in the survey. Provision of food and drinks were found to encourage FGD participants to express their views, but too much alcohol had a negative effect. The importance of providing comprehensive feedback to respondents and involving them and other stakeholders in development of policy recommendations was apparent. These survey experiences provide valuable insights which are not generally available in textbooks on sample surveys, and provide lessons for planning and conducting smallholder community survey into natural resource management issues.     

蒙特卡罗在项目融资风险评估中的应用

项目融资具有强大的筹资能力，在我国的应用具有广阔的前景。但项目融资也存在巨大的风险，需要对风险加以管理．风险评估是风险管理的重要步骤。本文通过介绍蒙特卡罗的基木概念、基本原理和工作程序，采用蒙特卡罗模拟与Matlab程序相结合的方法进行了项目融资风险定量评估，并结合实例对此方法予以说明。     

云南省6县退耕还林农户收益分析及增收对策的案例研究

采取抽样调查的方式,对云南省6个地(市)退耕农户进行调研,对农户的林业收入状况、在退耕地所经营的林业项目以及退耕面积与收益等3方面进行深入剖析,认为农户的林业收入有高型、中高型、中等型、偏低型以及低下型5种类型.对退耕还林发展林业过程中面临的主要问题和促进当地林业发展、增加农户收入的对策进行了探讨.     

Impact of Land Tenure Change on Land Use

China is a public ownership country. At present, theownership of land belongs to the country andcollectivity. In China, the meaning of ownership ofland is the light that the owners of land can possessthe land, use the land, get some interest from the landand deal with the land according to laws. The 4 sectionsof ownership of land can either be combined or beseparated to carry out. In practice, these 4 sections ofownership are usually separated to carry out. The tenureof land is an independent…